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Henry Odera Oruka
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Henry Odera Oruka : ウィキペディア英語版
Henry Odera Oruka

Henry Odera Oruka (1 June 1944, Nyanza Province – 9 December 1995, Nairobi) was a Kenyan philosopher who is best known for "Sage Philosophy," a project started in the 1970s in an attempt to preserve the knowledge of the indigenous thinkers in traditional African communities.
== Life and work ==
Henry Odera Oruka was born on 1 June 1944 in Nyanza Province of Kenya. After his advanced level studies in Kenya, he went to Uppsala University in Sweden. At Uppsala University he registered for a BSc programme in the Faculty of Mathematics–Natural Science and studied Meteorology, Geography, and Geodesy but on his own initiative and interest, he added Philosophy. Upon graduation in Science and Philosophy (a year ahead of his class), he opted to drop science and continue with philosophy. He moved to Wayne State University in the US for his master's degree. He researched and wrote a dissertation which he later refined and had it published under the title ''Punishment and Terrorism in Africa'' in 1976. Because of the good academic impression he had created at Uppsala University, he easily regained admission there, obtaining his PhD on the theme of "Freedom" in 1970. From October 1970 until his death on 9 December 1995, he taught Philosophy at the University of Nairobi.〔See F. Ochieng'-Odhiambo, "An African Savant: Henry Odera Oruka," ''Quest'' IX/2 & X/1, 12–13〕
The majority and dominant staff at the Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies which had been launched in 1969 at the University of Nairobi were priests and lay theologians, and they had little time for "African Philosophy." They harboured doubt about the ability of Africans to think logically. After years of sustained and bitter struggle spearheaded by Odera Oruka, Philosophy separated from Religion in July 1980 and he was appointed the founder-Chairman of the new Department of Philosophy.〔See H. Odera Oruka, ''Trends in Contemporary African Philosophy'', Shirikon Publishers, 1990, 126–127.〕 Unfortunately for the Department, the death of Odera Oruka was accompanied with a marked decline in the international profile of Philosophy at the University of Nairobi. The discipline that Odera Oruka worked so hard to separate from Religion has since been merged with Religion again.
Odera Oruka was the founder-president of the Philosophical Association of Kenya (PAK): the founding-director of the International Institute of Environmental Studies(IIES), Nairobi: a member of the Kenya National Academy of Sciences (KNAS): the secretary-general of African Futures Studies Association (AFSA): the secretary-general of the Afro-Asian Philosophical Association (AAPA): vice-president of the Inter-African Council of Philosophy (IACP): a member of the Executive committee of both the “Federation International de societe philosophique” (FISP) and World Futures Studies Federation.〔See Chaungo Barasa, "Odera Oruka and the Sage Philosophy School: A Tribute," in ''Sagacious Reasoning: Henry Odrea Oruka in Memoriam'', eds. Anke Graness & Kai Kresse, Peter Lang, 1997, 21. See also F. Ochieng'-Odhiambo, op. cit., 19.〕

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